A neural network is a computer program made of many small parts that work together.
You can imagine it like a network of many points. Each point receives information, processes it, and passes it on.
By seeing many examples, the system can learn patterns. For example, after seeing many images, it can learn to recognize whether a picture shows a dog or a cat.
A neural network does not learn exactly like a human, but with many examples it becomes better and better at solving tasks.
In simple terms, a neural network is a system of many connected calculations that can learn from examples and recognize patterns in data.