Bayesian optimization is a method that allows computer programs to automatically find the best solutions for difficult problems.
It not only tries to find good solutions but also estimates how confident one can be in a solution.
Imagine you want to find the best recipe for a cake, but you are not sure how good each ingredient really is. Bayesian optimization helps you try out different combinations and increasingly assess which ingredients work best together.
This way, you can step by step find out which solutions are promising without having to try everything.